Biomaterials.info - Resources for Engineers

Record 201 to 220

[Investigation about the clinical use of brushite- and hydroxylapatite-cement in sheep]
Oberle, A., F. Theiss, et al. (2005), Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 147(11): 482-90.
Abstract: For future clinical use as synthetic bone replacement, an injectable brushite-(chronOS-Inject) and hydroxylapatite-(Biobon) cement were compared in a drill hole model in 10 sheep over time at 2, 4, 6, 8, 16 and 24 weeks. Results were compared regarding their practical use, biocompatibiliy, resorption mechanism and subsequent new bone formation. The cements were filled into drill holes (psi 8 x 13mm) of the proximal and distal humerus, and femur and the samples evaluated macroscopically, radiologically and microscopically including histomorphometrical quantification of percentages of new bone, fibrous tissue and remnants of cements. The cement area decreased continuously from 2 to 24 weeks with chronOS-Inject, as well as the area of granules. Inversely, the subsequent new bone formation increased from 2-24 weeks accordingly. With Biobon the cement area decreased slower between 2 and 24 weeks, and the new bone formation was less. Both cements were well integrated into the bone in long bones. chronOS-Inject demonstrated good biocompatibility and was almost completely replaced through bone within 24 weeks. Biobon was resorbed considerably slower and initially a slight inflammatory reaction including bone resorption was observed within the adjacent host bone.

[Investigation of local reaction of muscular tissue after injection of polyvinylpyrrolidone preparation]
Pielka, S., B. Zywicka, et al. (2004), Polim Med 34(4): 9-15.
Abstract: Natural preparations for replenishing of hyaluronic acid of zoogenous origin used till now, are characterized with quit low biocompatibility and also too short effect of their action. Recently worked out synthetic polyvinylpyrrolidone preparation PVP, contains modification constituting internally netting of microgels to improve polymer bioresistance. The introduce modification can, however influence PVP biocompatibility after deposition into tissues of the living organism. The aim of research was evaluation of the local reaction of muscular tissue after PVP infection. The results of research concerned a control group where normal saline was used for infections. The research was carried out on 18 Wistar rats and included macroscopic and histologic observations made in the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 30th day after PVP injection into thigh muscle. The local reaction of muscular tissue was macroscopically characterized with inflammatory reaction till the 7th day after PVP injection, in later terms the observed changes disappeared. Microscopic research showed that PVP till the 7th day after PVP injection caused rather strong diffuse non-specific inflammatory process, yet without essential participation of neutrophils leading to producing of loose intra-muscular. Connective tissue in a later term. The carried out tests showed presence of PVP in muscular tissue till the 30th day after injection.

[In-vitro evaluation of haemocompatibility of biomaterials]
Xu, J., C. Wang, et al. (2004), Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 21(5): 861-3, 870.
Abstract: In-vitro test is usually conducted as a preliminary screening test in the evaluation of the haemocompatibility of biomaterials for its short-term consuming, convenience and less expense. The selection of appropriate model for blood-biomaterial interaction, the choice of sensitive and specific parameters, and the minimization of additional blood activation are most important in the in-vitro test. In addition, the time and the style of blood-biomaterial interaction, the choice of sensitive and specific parameters, and the minimization of additional blood activation are most important in the in-vitro test. In addition, the time and the style of blood-biomaterial interaction, the selection of primary reference materials and the shear rate should be considered. In recent years, though great progress has been made in the in-vitro evaluation of haemocompatibility of biomaterials, all these influencing factor should be standardized for more effective evaluation of the haemocompatibility of biomaterials.

[Keratinocyte adhesion on skin implants--a biomaterial test]
Papatheodorou, R. and C. Grosse-Siestrup (1990), Biomed Tech (Berl) 35 Suppl 3: 18-20.

[Laminin active peptides as a powerful tool for biomedical materials]
Mochizuki, M., Y. Kadoya, et al. (2005), Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 50(4): 374-82.

[Local preventive antibiotic treatment in intramedullary nailing with gentamycin impregnated biomaterials]
Hettfleisch, J. and H. Schottle (1993), Aktuelle Traumatol 23(2): 68-71.
Abstract: The benefit of antibiotics applied intravenously to avoid postoperative infection after intramedullary nailing has not yet been proven. Local antibiotic-releasing systems might be more effective because of the high concentration available in the compartments of interest. We report on the pharmacokinetic results of ten patients with intramedullary nailing of the tibia, respectively 15 patients undergoing the same procedure at the femur, in whom we used gentamicin-impregnated biomaterials for perioperative prophylaxis. The elution of gentamicin from a collagen sponge was complete and pharmacokinetic data suggest this drug releasing system is superior to PMMA beads in respect of the studied indication.

[Logical plan for an intervertebral disk prosthesis. Biomechanical conditions and biomaterials required]
Edeland, H. G. (1981), Acta Orthop Belg 47(1): 130-4.

[Macromolecular biomaterials: general considerations, use of microcapsules in extracorporeal circulation]
Gayot, A. and M. Traisnel (1983), J Pharm Belg 38(5): 246-50.

[Maintenance of alveolar bone height in view of improvements in prosthetic conditions. 1. Biomaterials and dental implantology]
Louis, J. P., P. Richard, et al. (1984), Cah Prothese 12(48): 117-35.

[Malar valgisation in narrow face patients.]
Gola, R., O. Richard, et al. (2005), Ann Chir Plast Esthet
Abstract: Most of the "narrow faces" are secondary to a maxillo-malar hypoplasia consecutive to chronic nasal obstruction. Functional malar valgisation by transmalar osteotomy allows a simple and safe correction of this dysmorphic aspect. Interpositionnal bone graft and osteosynthesis by miniplate avoid mucous inflamation, maxillary sinusitis and/or relapse observed with use of biomaterials. Correction of "narrow faces" by malar osteotomy is natural and long term results are stable. Functionnal and esthetic rhinoplasty is often associated. Our clinical experience in 15 cases is reproted.

[Maxillo-mandibular rehabilitation and implantology (bone and biomaterials)]
Chanavaz, M. and M. Donazzan (1989), Chir Dent Fr 59(455): 25-33.

[Measurements of cell adhesion to biomaterials by supersonics (author's transl)]
Maeda, T., H. Taguchi, et al. (1981), Shika Rikogaku Zasshi 22(59): 162-7.
Abstract: In order to examine eligibility of supersonic vibration energy for investigating cell-material contract, L-strain fibroblasts were cultivated on glass surface and exposed to supersonic vibration. The cells adhered to the glass surface were detached by supersonic vibration and both of adhered cells to the glass surface and detached cells after the supersonic exposure were cultivated for one week. And the cell activity of the detached cells was estimated with cell multiplication by cell nuclei counting and their morphological changes. As a result, use of supersonic vibration energy was found effective in expressing degrees of cell adhesiveness to glass or biomaterials. The most appropriate vibration was decided at 485 KHz in frequency, 5 V in secondary voltage and approximately 30 seconds. It is revealed that the results may be effective in the analysis of cell-biomaterial contact.

[Mechanical property of high strength nickel-free stainless steel produced through mechanical alloying]
Tsuchiyama, T. and S. Takaki (2005), Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 96(6): 284-6.

[Mechanically processable bioactive glass ceramics--a new biomaterial for bone replacement. 1]
Gummel, J., W. Holand, et al. (1983), Z Exp Chir Transplant Kunstliche Organe 16(6): 338-43.
Abstract: Anorganic materials as glass ceramics with their main crystal phase apatite can be used as biomaterial for the bone substitute. An interior compound between bioglass-ceramics implants and the bone was showed in animal experiments. The apatite crystals in the bioglass-ceramics produce obviously the start point for this fusion process. The shear strength of the compound is on average the eightfold of highly compact Al2O3 ceramics. The bioactive glass ceramics could solve possibly the problems of implant loosening and defect bridging-over. Mechanical processable bioactive ceramics was developed and tested with regard to these employment spheres.

[Mechanisms of adhesion of Staphylococci to biomaterials: effect of fusidic acid]
Drugeon, H. B. and E. Carpentier (1993), Pathol Biol (Paris) 41(4): 392-8.
Abstract: The production of slime, adherence to plastics and hydrophobicity are factors which regulate the colonisation of biomaterials by Staphylococci. The influence of fusidic acid on these 3 factors was studied by using 3 pairs of pathogenic strains of S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Each pair presented differences in the expression of one or several of these factors. The influence of fusidic acid was initially studied by determining the expression of these factors by these strains cultured in the presence of 0.03 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l of antibiotic. Hydrophobicity was measured by the Bath-test method, slime was detected by Trypan blue staining after fixation with Carnoy's fixative and adherence was determined on polystyrene. The variations observed were generally minor, except for S. epidermidis, high slime produces, which showed a reduced production. Using this collection of strains, we then selected mutants resistant to 2 micrograms/ml of fusidic acid. This resistance induced a reduction in the 3 colonisation factors and it can be proposed that strains resistant to fusidic acid have a lesser capacity to colonise than sensitive strains. The bacteria adhere to and colonise the majority of surfaces proposed to them [3, 7, 10]. This was the case for biomaterials used in medicine, whose number and diversity (catheters, prostheses) are continually increasing. Apart from thrombosis, the major complication is the development of infection. Coagulase positive or negative Staphylococci are very frequently responsible for this type of infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Metallic biomaterials (author's transl)]
Yasumura, I. (1977), Tokyo Ika Shika Daigaku Iyo Kizai Kenkyusho Hokoku 11: 1-11.

[Metallic biomaterials for coronary stents]
Fischer, A., H. Wieneke, et al. (2001), Z Kardiol 90(4): 251-62.
Abstract: The introduction of coronary stents is a milestone in interventional cardiology. Two landmark studies have shown that stainless steel stents significantly decrease the restenosis rate as compared to balloon angioplasty. This fact led to a marked increase of stent implantation since the first stent implantation by Jacques Puel in 1986. Although the concept of coronary stenting significantly improved the interventional therapy of coronary artery disease, restenosis remains a major unsolved drawback of this technique. In addition to procedure and disease related factors like implantation pressure and plaque burden, data suggest that the stent as a medical implant plays a crucial role in the process of neointima formation. Since its introduction in cardiology, more than 50 different stents of different configuration and material have been developed. Although recent publications report of promising results using biodegradable materials, almost all coronary stents commercially available at the moment are made of metallic alloys. Whereas first generation stents were made exclusively from stainless steel and only minor interest was focussed on the stent material in the manufacture of coronary stents, recent studies strongly suggest that the metallic alloy used has a direct impact on the extent of neointima formation. Thus, metallic alloys differ not only with respect to mechanical features, but also by their biocompatible properties. These two factors are of major importance in the induction of vessel wall injury, inflammatory processes and cell proliferation. In the first part, the present paper reviews the metallurgic characteristics of metallic materials, which are currently used or under investigation in the production of coronary stents. In the second part, clinical and experimental results are summarized with respect to their biocompatibility and impact on the process of restenosis formation.

[Methodology of choosing blood-compatible biomaterials in vitro for artificial organs]
Sevast'ianov, V. I., I. B. Rozanova, et al. (1990), Med Tekh(4): 26-9.

[Microbiological aspects of biomaterial-related infections]
Pascual, A. (2001), Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 19(10): 459-61.

[Microrough surface and its bio-effects of metallic biomaterials (I)--microrough surface of metallic biomaterials]
Wen, X. and X. Wang (1997), Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 14(1): 77-80, 86.
Abstract: In this paper, four aspects of microrough surface of metallic biomaterials are reviewed: the preparation of microrough surface, the technology of surface roughness measurement, the parameters of roughness and the microrough surface bio-effect.

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